The Biggest Container Ships In The World

By

Mehmet S. Kaya

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January 27, 2022

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The Biggest Container Ships In The World Based On Cargo Capacity

HMM ALGECIRAS – 23,964 TEU
MSC GÜLSÜN– 23,756 TEU
MSC MINA – 23,656 TEU
CMA CGM JACQUES SAADÉ – 23,112 TEU
HMM OSLO – 23,000
OOCL HONG KONG – 21,413 TEU
COSCO SHIPPING UNIVERSE – 21, 237 TEU
CMA CGM ANTOINE DE SAINT EXUPERY – 20,954 TEU
MADRID MAERSK – 20,568 TEU
EVER GOLDEN – 20,124 TO 20,160 TEU

10. EVER GOLDEN – 20,124 TO 20,160 TEU

evergreen-golden-worlds-largest-container-ships-records-min

The sister ship of the (in)famous giant cargo ship Ever Given has a high deadweight tonnage (DWT) of 218,000 metric tons (MT), its length is 400 meters and has a breadth of 58.8 meters, making it longer than four soccer fields combined.

It has a capacity of 20,124 to 20,160 TEU and it is the first 20,000 TEU container ship – among its sister ships Ever Goods, Genius, Given and Gifted – to be delivered to Taiwan’s cargo shipping giant EVERGREEN which currently operates it.

Click here to check where the ship is at now on marine trafficking.

9. MADRID MAERSK – 20,568 TEU

Madrid Maersk, the second ship to surpass the 20,000 TEU mark, was built in 2017 in South Korea. The vessel is the flagship of the Maersk Line, having maximum capacity for 20,568 TEU and is just over 1,300 feet long.

MADRID MAERSK is sailing under the flag of Denmark.

Click here to check where the ship is at now on marine trafficking.

8. CMA CGM ANTOINE DE SAINT EXUPERY – 20,954 TEU

Named after French author and aviator Antoine De Saint Exupery, this ship has a capacity of 20,954 TEU, making it the largest container ship to sail under the French flag.

It is 400 meters long and 59 meters wide. It is an environmentally-friendly vessel, which has a new generation engine and a Becker-twisted fin to reduce oil consumption –(25%) and carbon dioxide emissions (-4). It also has a system of filters and UV lamps for the treatment of ballast water which ensures greater protection of marine biodiversity.

Click here to check where the ship is at now on marine trafficking.

7. COSCO SHIPPING UNIVERSE – 21, 237 TEU

This container ship, with a carrying capacity of 21,237 TEU, is the largest cargo ship in China. It has a length of 400 meters and a width of 58.6 meters.

For optimum performance and enhanced fuel efficiency, the ship is equipped with ABB Turbochargers which help to achieve a maximum speed of 22 nautical miles per hour.

Click here to check where the ship is at now on marine trafficking

6. OOCL HONG KONG – 21,413 TEU

The OOCL Hong Kong has a carrying capacity of 21,413 TEU. It has a length of 399.87 meters, a breadth of 58.8 meters and a depth of 32.5 meters. OOCL Hong Kong serves the trade lane from East Asia to Northern Europe under the flag of Hong Kong.

The vessel is the first of six identical ships ordered by OOCL for a total cost of $950 million.

Click here to check where the ship is at now on marine trafficking.

5. HMM OSLO – 23,000

HMM Oslo, along with its sister ships HMM Algeciras and HMM Copenhagen, made their maiden voyage in 2020. It is 400 meters long and 61.50 meters wide with a maximum draft of 16.50 meters.

HMM Oslo also has a carrying capacity of 23,000 TEU.

Click here to check where the ship is at now on marine trafficking.

4. CMA CGM JACQUES SAADÉ – 23,112 TEU

Jacques Saadé of CMA CGM is one of the largest containerships powered by liquefied natural gas (LNG).

The vessel has a capacity of 23,112 TEU and measures 400 meters long, 61 meters at its widest point, and a height of 78 meters.

Click here to check where the ship is at now on marine trafficking.

3. MSC MINA – 23,656 TEU

MSC Mina has a container carrying capacity of 23,656 TEU and is approximately 400 meters in length and 61 meters in width. The ship can transport the equivalent of around 384 million pairs of shoes or 47,312 cars.

The vessel is apparently also equipped with more than 2,000 refrigerated containers, which boosts the trade of food, drink, pharmaceutical and other chilled and frozen items between Asia and Europe. This is probably true for its sister ship as well, MSC Gülsün.

Click here to check where the ship is at now on marine trafficking.

2. MSC GÜLSÜN– 23,756 TEU

MSC Gulsun at the time of her launch in 2019 was the world’s largest container ship. The vessel, built by Samsung Heavy Industries in South Korea, has a capacity of 23,756 TEU.

It is the first vessel of its kind that is capable of transporting 24 containers side by side across the breadth of its hull. The ship is 400 meters long and 62 meters wide.

Click here to check where the ship is at now on marine trafficking.

1. HMM ALGECIRAS – 23,964 TEU

HMM Algeciras is the world’s biggest container ship, with 23,964 TEU capacity, and is considered one of the most technologically advanced container ships in the world. The Panama flagged vessel is 399.9 meters long with 33.2 meters depth. It’s capacity is only 208 TEU more than MSC Gülsün.

HMM plans to enhance its environmental capabilities by operating vessels that are equipped with a scrubber system in preparation for IMO 2020 environmental regulations. An optimized hull design and a highly efficient engine are also expected to improve its energy efficiency and reduce carbon emissions.

Click here to check where the ship is at now on marine trafficking.

Belfast Harbour / Port

By

Mehmet S. Kaya

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January 27, 2022

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Importance of Belfast Harbour / Port

Belfast Harbour is a major maritime hub in Northern Ireland, handling 67% of Northern Ireland’s seaborne trade and about 25% of the maritime trade of the entire island of Ireland. It is a vital gateway for raw materials, exports and consumer goods, and is also Northern Ireland’s leading logistics and distribution hub.

The Belfast Harbour Estate is home to many well-known Northern Ireland businesses such as George Best Belfast City Airport, Harland and Wolff, Bombardier Aerospace, Odyssey, the Catalyst Inc, Titanic Quarter and Titanic Belfast. Over 700 firms employing 23,000 people are located within the estate.

Belfast is only one of two ports on the island of Ireland to handle a full range of cargoes, from freight vehicles to containers, dry, break and liquid bulk, as well as passenger services and cruise calls. Belfast Harbour handled 23 million tonnes of cargo during 2015, similar to its throughput for 2014.

The tonnages suggest a varying performance between sectors in the wider Northern Ireland economy. BBC One Northern Ireland began a three-part documentary on Belfast Harbour entitled Belfast Harbour: Cruises, Cranes and Cargo on 14 April 2020 examining the role of the Port of Belfast in Northern Ireland’s economy.

Belfast

HISTORY OF THE PORT

Belfast Harbour’s origins date back to 1613 when a Royal Charter for the incorporation of Belfast specified the need for a wharf at the confluence of the rivers Lagan and Farset in what is modern-day Belfast’s High Street. George Benn, in his 1877 History of the Town of Belfast described the early harbour as a poor little harbour’

“The dock, if it could be so-called; or creek, or quay-room proper, extend a considerable way up the river, but its fixed and best-known bounds reached from the sea to the present Skipper Street. This small and most obscure port was the nucleus of the great docks and harbour of modern days.”Records show that by 1663 there were 29 vessels owned in Belfast with a total tonnage of 1,100 tonnes. Trade continued to expand throughout the century, to the extent that the original quay was enlarged, to accommodate the increasing number of ships.

FREIGHT

In 2014 476,000 freight vehicles used the Port, a 2.2% increase over 2013. By 2019, Stena Line’s Belfast-Loch Ryan route, Belfast-Birkenhead and Belfast-Heysham service together carried 542,000 freight vehicles were handled; a record number for nine consecutive years.

125,000 containers and 6.0 million tonnes of bulk cargo were handled in 2009.[7] By 2019, bulk cargo throughput had increased to 9.9 million tonnes and the number of containers handled at Victoria Terminal 3 increased to more than 130,000 units, carrying over 2.1 million tonnes of goods. The total trade tonnage in 2019 exceeded 24 million tonnes for the second successive year.

In 1993, container operations moved from York Dock and Herdman Channel to Victoria Terminal 3; a new terminal equipped with three Liebherr ship-to-shore gantry cranes and three rail-mounted stacking gantry cranes. This terminal was operated by Coastal Container Line Limited; a subsidiary of the Mersey Docks and Harbour Company; later Peel Ports Belfast. VT3 served feeder traffic from Rotterdam, Le Havre, Antwerp, Felixstowe, Southampton and Liverpool.

Certificate of Insurance in International Trade

By

Mehmet S. Kaya

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January 8, 2022

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What is a Certificate of Insurance in Import & Export?

A Certificate of Insurance is provided by the insurance company for your shipments. This document mentions the insurance policy that is being bought for the shipment and includes all the key details as to the coverage of the insurance. Typically, the Certificate of Insurance is not a negotiable document and it also cannot be assigned to a third party.

On the other hand, due to the nature of the Certificate of Insurance, it cannot be used in making claims and also

under the terms of a letter of credit (L/C). A Certificate of Insurance merely shows that there is insurance coverage for the named shipment and for the purpose of setting out terms as well as claims, the full insurance policy is still needed.

In some cases a shipper may issue a document that certifies that a shipment has been insured under a given open policy, and that the certificate represents and takes the place of such open policy, the provisions of which are controlling. Because of the objections that an instrument of this kind did not constitute a “policy” within the requirements of letters of credit, it has become the practice to use an insurance certificate. Also called cargo insurance certificate and special cargo policy. See open marine cargo insurance policy; open policy.

Certificate of Insurance Template

Certificates of Insurance cover the importer/exporter for any possible damage to the goods while in transit

Your broker or freight forwarder can arrange insurance for your shipment.

What am I responsible for?

The International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) outlines the duties and responsibilities of the buyer and seller.

These all called Incoterms (International Commercial Terms), and outline where the exporter’s responsibility ends and the importer’s begins.

ICC lists a series of commonly used incoterms in international transactions.

Cargo insurance certificate

A document indicating the type and amount of insurance coverage in force on a particular shipment. Used to assure the consignee that insurance is provided to cover loss of or damage to the cargo while in transit. In some cases a shipper may issue a document that certified that a shipment has been insured under a given open policy, and that the certificate represents and takes the place of such open policy, the provisions of which are controlling.

Because of the objections that an instrument of this kind did not constitute a “policy” within the requirement of letters of credit, it has become the practice to use a special marine policy.

A special marine policy makes no difference to an open policy and stands on its own feet as an obligation of the underwriting company. Also called insurance certificate and special cargo policy. See bordereau; open policy; special marine policy.

Import/Export License: Meaning & Definition in International Trade

By

Mehmet S. Kaya

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December 20, 2021

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What is An Import/Export License? Meaning & Definition

An export/import license is a document issued by government bodies allowing registered companies or individuals to legally ship goods that are otherwise restricted.

Import/Export License are the permissions or licenses required for doing business with companies / organizations which are present in other countries. i.e.to import international goods within your country or the export local goods to international markets, you need import or export license.

What items are restricted?

Restricted items include chemicals, medicines, artwork, historical artefacts and dual-use items. Other less obvious items include video game consoles or goods containing paraffin wax like crayons or candles.

What are dual-use items?

They’re items that can be used for both military and civilian purposes. So while you may think the goods you’re sending have only one use, they could be considered dual-use by government authorities and require an export license. For example drones can be used for both filming movies and in military operations.

How do I find out if I need an export license?

Check if the item has an Export Control Classification Number, better known as ECCN.

What is an ECCN?

It’s a code that classifies an item and indicates the licensing requirements. All ECCNs are listed on the Commerce Control List online, which is available on the US Bureau of Industry and Security’s website.

You can also ask the manufacturer or check your own country’s list on the government website.

How do I apply for an export license?

The application process for an export license varies for each country. But, again, you can find out what you need to do on your country’s government website.

What do I do when I get the export license?

Once you’ve received the export license, you need to include the export license number on the commercial invoice when shipping your goods.

Also check with your carrier if you need to provide the license to the driver or whether it’ll be sent electronically.

Export Compliance Requirements(USA)

The Export Administration Regulations (EAR) set standards and rules that must be met to send goods to a foreign country. It also applies to re-exporting. Re-export is when goods and services are exported to another country and then subsequently exported to other countries. Its the responsibility of the producer to ensure that it complies with these regulations. The Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS) is the branch of US Department of Commerce which is tasked to implement the Export Administration Regulations (EAR). The BIS and related authorities require exporters to obtain and export license. Followings are the criteria for license:

Product technical description – What commodity is being exporting? Does it comply with EAR?
Product destination – Countries where they are sending commodities cannot be blacklisted by US government
End use – What is the ultimate use of the product? I cannot be an illegal purpose.
End user – Who is end user? They cannot have been blacklisted.

The BIS and EAR does not cover all export items. To determine whether enterprises need any license to export goods and services, following factors must be considered:

Free on Board (FOB) in Import and Export

By

Mehmet S. Kaya

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December 2, 2021

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What Is Free on Board (FOB)?

Free on Board (FOB) is a shipment term used to indicate whether the seller or the buyer is liable for goods that are damaged or destroyed during shipping. “FOB shipping point” or “FOB origin” means the buyer is at risk once the seller ships the product.

The purchaser pays the shipping cost from the factory and is responsible if the goods are damaged while in transit. “FOB destination” means the seller retains the risk of loss until the goods reach the buyer.

FOB – Important Key points

Free on Board (FOB) is a term used to indicate who is liable for goods damaged or destroyed during shipping.
“FOB origin” means the buyer is at risk once the seller ships the product.
“FOB destination” means the seller retains the risk of loss until the goods reach the buyer.
The terms of FOB affect the buyer’s inventory cost—adding liability for shipped goods increases inventory costs and reduces net income.
Legal definitions of FOB may differ between individual countries.

History of Freight on Board (FOB)

The term “freight on board” originated from the days of sailing ships when goods were “passed over the rail by hand,” as defined in Incoterm. The term “FOB” was used to refer to goods transported by ship since sea transport was the main method of transporting cargo from far countries. The term’s usage has changed since then, and its definition varies from one country and jurisdiction to another. The phrase “passing the ship’s rail” was dropped from the Incoterm definitions in the 2010 amendment.

In North America, the term “FOB” is written in a sales agreement to determine when the liability and responsibility for the shipped cargo transfers from the seller to the buyer. When it is indicated as “FOB Origin,” it means that the transfer occurs at the seller’s shipping dock when the goods are safely on board the ship. The buyer takes responsibility for the transport cost and liability during transportation. “FOB Destination” means that the transfer completes at the buyer’s store and the seller is responsible for all of the freight costs and liability during transport.

Due to the need to eliminate confusion with the North American definition of FOB, the usage of the Incoterms should be disclosed, along with the Incoterms edition. For example, a cargo whose final destination is Vancouver should be written as “FOB Vancouver (Incoterms 2000).”

FOB Add-on Terms

Some add-on terms may be included on the freight invoice, bill of lading, or other forms of shipping documentation. These add-on terms may include the following:

FOB Origin, Freight Prepaid: The seller/shipper pays the cost of shipping while the buyer/receiver of goods assumes the responsibility of goods at the point of origin.

FOB Origin, Freight Collect: The buyer pays for freight and shipping costs and assumes full responsibility for the cargo.

FOB Origin, Freight Prepaid, & Charged Back: The seller does not pay the cost of shipping, but instead adds the freight costs to the invoice sent to the buyer. The buyer pays the bill on a more expensive invoice since the freight costs were included on the invoice. The buyer also takes ownership of the goods and assumes liability at the point of origin.

FOB Destination, Freight Prepaid: The seller/shipper pays all the shipping costs until the cargo arrives at the buyer’s store. The buyer does not pay any shipping costs.

FOB Destination, Freight Collect: The receiver of goods (the buyer) pays the freight charges upon delivery of the goods. The buyer does not take ownership or liability for the goods until the cargo gets to the buyer’s premises.

FOB Destination, Freight Prepaid, & Charged Back: The seller takes responsibility for freight until delivery of the goods, and the buyer deducts the charges from the invoice. The original invoice includes the freight charges initially paid by the seller.

FOB Destination, Freight Collect, and Allowed: The shipper adds the freight costs to the invoice, and the buyer pays the charges. The seller assumes the responsibility for the cargo until delivery.

What is the difference between FOB and CIF?

CIF (Cost, Insurance, and Freight) and FOB (Free on Board) are two widely used INCOTERM agreements. Although the definition of both terms can differ across countries and is ultimately determined by each vendor-client contract, historically, FOB transfers liability from seller to buyer when the shipment reaches the port or other facility designated as the point of origin.

With a CIF agreement, the seller pays costs and assumes liability until the goods reach the port of destination chosen by the buyer.

What is the Difference Between FOB Shipping Point and FOB Destination?

The qualifiers of FOB shipping point and destination are sometimes used to reduce or extend the responsibility of the supplier in an FOB shipping agreement.

With FOB shipping point, ownership of goods is transferred to the buyer once they leave the supplier’s shipping point.

From there, the title for the goods transfers from the supplier to the buyer immediately and if anything happens to the goods at any leg of the journey to the buyer from there, the buyer assumes all responsibility.

With FOB destination, ownership of goods is transferred to the buyer at the buyer’s loading dock.

Upon delivery of the goods to the destination, the title for the goods transfers from the supplier to the buyer.

If anything happens to the goods on any leg of the journey to the buyer, the supplier assumes all responsibility.

Freight On Board and Free On Board?

Some sources claim that FOB stands for “Freight On Board”. This is not the case. The term “Freight On Board” is not mentioned in any version of Incoterms, and is not defined by the Uniform Commercial Code in the USA. Further to that, it has been found in the US court system that “Freight On Board” is not a recognized industry term. Use of the term “Freight On Board” in contracts is therefore very likely to cause confusion.

Country of Origin In Import And Export

By

Mehmet S. Kaya

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November 29, 2021

0

country of origin certificate import export

What is Certificate of Origin or Country of Origin (COO) ?

The Country of Origin Certificate is a declaration issued by the exporter that certifies that the goods being shipped have been completely acquired, produced, manufactured or processed in a particular country.

It establishes the country of origin of the product, which is particularly important for an exporter claiming import duty benefits against the product(s). It is often in the form of a statement attached to the commercial invoice, or a separate declaration, which gives a line item-wise list of the origin of all products.

A COO is signed by the exporter (or an authorized representative) and certified to be true and correct.

Importance of Country of Origin in Import

The country of origin is a vital element in the import process as it is used for determining and regulating duty rates, preferential trade agreements, trade sanctions, and import quotas. The US Customs & Border Protection (CBP) is vigilant about verifying the country of origin because there are revenue and admissibility issues involved with every import shipment.

The country of origin is also required for marking purposes. The import regulations require the end-user to be informed about the country of origin of the articles imported.

Labelling requirements

The requirements for Country of Origin markings are complicated by the various designations which may be required such as “Made in X”, “Product of X”, “Manufactured in X” etc. They also vary by country of import and export. For example:

For imports to the United Kingdom, there is a voluntary code for Food. Other products are not subject to labelling requirements, but misleading labelling can result in prosecution under the Trade Descriptions Act 1968.
Food exported to the United Arab Emirates must include Country of Origin

International Trade

When shipping products from one country to another, the products may have to be marked with country of origin, and the country of origin will generally be required to be indicated in the export/import documents and governmental submissions. Country of origin will affect its admissibility, the rate of duty, its entitlement to special duty or trade preference programs, antidumping, and government procurement.

Today, many products are an outcome of a large number of parts and pieces that come from many different countries, and that may then be assembled together in a third country. In these cases, it’s hard to know exactly what is the country of origin, and different rules apply as to how to determine their “correct” country of origin. Generally, articles only change their country of origin if the work or material added to an article in the second country constitutes a substantial transformation, or, the article changes its name, tariff code, character or use (for instance from wheel to car). Value added in the second country may also be an issue.

In principle, the substantial transformation of a product is intended as a change in the harmonized system coding. For example, a rough commodity sold from country A to country B, than subjected of a transformation in country B, which sells the final processed commodity to a country C is considered a sufficient step to label the end product made in B.

Two Varieties of Certificates

According to International Chamber of Commerce World Chambers Federation, there are two varieties of certificates.

Non-Preferential CO

The main type issued by chambers is a “Non-Preferential CO.” For example, an “ordinary CO,” which certifies the country of origin of a particular product, does not qualify for any preferential treatment.

Preferential CO

The second type is Preferential COs,” which enable products to benefit from a tariff reduction or exemption when they are exported to countries extending these privileges.

An example of this is NAFTA. The NAFTA Certificate of Origin is used by the United States, Canada, and Mexico to determine if imported goods are eligible to receive reduced or eliminated duty as specified by the NAFTA.

According to the United States Trade Representative site,

“The Certificate of Origin must be completed and signed by the exporter of the goods. Where the exporter is not the producer, the exporter may complete the Certificate on the basis of knowledge that the good originates; reasonable reliance on the producer’s written representation that the good originates; or, a completed and signed Certificate of Origin for the good voluntarily provided to the exporter by the producer.”

Country of Origin Certificates may be needed to comply with the terms and conditions of a Letter of Credit, fulfill a buyer’s request or satisfy a foreign customs requirement and is most often accompanied by an invoice.

Prior to moving goods, check with an international transportation company to determine whether you need a certificate of origin (typically based on a certain shipment value) to accompany a standard invoice on an international shipment. The bigger global transport companies usually allow you to download a form online (once the shipment takes place, there is a nominal processing fee) and will assist in making sure the form is completed accurately.

Note: Should you make an incorrect origin declaration or misrepresent the country of origin (too vague or deliberately confusing), the shipment may be refused, confiscated at the border, assessed a penalty fee or subject to a rigorous compliance program. And you surely don’t want that to happen, so err on the side of being overly cautious here!

Albatross Shipping UKShipping Agency

The Biggest Container Ships In The World Based On Cargo Capacity

HMM ALGECIRAS – 23,964 TEU

MSC GÜLSÜN– 23,756 TEU

MSC MINA – 23,656 TEU

CMA CGM JACQUES SAADÉ – 23,112 TEU

HMM OSLO – 23,000

OOCL HONG KONG – 21,413 TEU

COSCO SHIPPING UNIVERSE – 21, 237 TEU

CMA CGM ANTOINE DE SAINT EXUPERY – 20,954 TEU

MADRID MAERSK – 20,568 TEU

EVER GOLDEN – 20,124 TO 20,160 TEU

10. EVER GOLDEN – 20,124 TO 20,160 TEU

9. MADRID MAERSK – 20,568 TEU

8. CMA CGM ANTOINE DE SAINT EXUPERY – 20,954 TEU

7. COSCO SHIPPING UNIVERSE – 21, 237 TEU

6. OOCL HONG KONG – 21,413 TEU

5. HMM OSLO – 23,000

4. CMA CGM JACQUES SAADÉ – 23,112 TEU

3. MSC MINA – 23,656 TEU

2. MSC GÜLSÜN– 23,756 TEU

1. HMM ALGECIRAS – 23,964 TEU

Importance of Belfast Harbour / Port

Belfast

HISTORY OF THE PORT

FREIGHT

What is a Certificate of Insurance in Import & Export?

Certificate of Insurance Template

What am I responsible for?

Cargo insurance certificate

What is An Import/Export License? Meaning & Definition

What items are restricted?

What are dual-use items?

How do I find out if I need an export license?

What is an ECCN?

How do I apply for an export license?

What do I do when I get the export license?

Export Compliance Requirements(USA)

What Is Free on Board (FOB)?

FOB – Important Key points

History of Freight on Board (FOB)

FOB Add-on Terms

What is the difference between FOB and CIF?

What is the Difference Between FOB Shipping Point and FOB Destination?

Freight On Board and Free On Board?

What is Certificate of Origin or Country of Origin (COO) ?

Importance of Country of Origin in Import

Labelling requirements

International Trade

Two Varieties of Certificates

Non-Preferential CO

Preferential CO

Albatross Shipping LTD UK

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